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Gulf War Illness : Sleep Apnea in Disguise?
Persian Gulf War veterans from the 1990–1991 conflict have a higher prevalence of chronic multisymptom health problems than either nondeployed personnel or those deployed elsewhere. Termed the "Gulf War Illness " (also "Desert Storm Disease") the syndrome is characterized primarily by fatigue, short term memory loss, impaired cognition, depression, and musculoskeletal symptoms. Nearly a third of all personnel deployed to the Persian Gulf are estimated to be afflicted.
Inspiratory flow limitation reflects augmented upper airway resistance to breathing. In a small study involving 17 veterans with GWI researchers have shown inspiratory flow limitation to be almost universal in patients with GWI - 96% of them had evidence of flow limitation. The results are striking as the control group, with the same age and BMI, only had a 35% prevalence of these findings.
Does sleep apnea predispose individuals to this illness? Or is OSA play a key role in the pathogenesis of certain aspects of the syndrome? Can CPAP therapy provide therapeutic benefit in some/multiple domains related to GWI? We will all stay tuned to an ongoing clinical trial by the NIH (NCT00252629)
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